The AppRain CMF vulnerability refers to critical security flaws in the AppRain Content Management Framework (CMF), a PHP-based platform for web application development. While AppRain itself is not malware, attackers exploit its vulnerabilities to compromise servers hosting the framework. These flaws, including SQL Injection (SQLi), Remote Code Execution (RCE), and Cross-Site Scripting (XSS), can lead to unauthorized access, data breaches, and full system compromise if left unpatched.
Cross-Site Scripting, or XSS, is a widespread web application vulnerability that allows an attacker to inject malicious client-side scripts into web pages viewed by other users. This attack occurs when a web application uses input from a user within the output it generates without validating or encoding it. An attacker can use a Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability to send a malicious script to an unsuspecting user. The end user’s browser has no way to know that the script should not be trusted and will execute it, potentially giving the attacker access to cookies, session tokens, or other sensitive information retained by the browser.
CVE-1999-0524 is a vulnerability related to SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) community strings being set to default or guessable values. This misconfiguration can allow unauthorized access to network devices, enabling attackers to gather sensitive information or modify device configurations. It is classified as a misconfiguration vulnerability and is often exploited in network reconnaissance and attacks.
CVE-2006-0359 is a remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability present in the IBM Tivoli Storage Manager (TSM). It arises from improper bounds checking, allowing attackers to execute arbitrary code on an unprotected system from a remote location. This vulnerability enables unauthorized access, making systems highly susceptible to exploitation and critical data breaches.
CVE-2014-0160, widely known as the Heartbleed vulnerability, is a critical security flaw in the OpenSSL cryptographic software library. It is classified as a buffer over-read vulnerability, which allows attackers to exploit improperly implemented TLS/DTLS heartbeat functions to access sensitive data in memory. This data can include private keys, passwords, session cookies, and other sensitive information, leading to potential compromise of confidentiality and system integrity.
CVE-2014-6271, better known by its notorious nickname "Shellshock," is a beast of a vulnerability affecting the GNU Bash shell. If you're not familiar, Bash is the default command-line interface for nearly every Linux and macOS system out there. Shellshock is a remote code execution (RCE) flaw that allows an attacker to run arbitrary commands on a vulnerable system.
CVE-2016-2183, also known as the "SWEET32" vulnerability, is a security flaw in block cipher algorithms using 64-bit block sizes within obsolete versions of TLS (Transport Layer Security) and SSL (Secure Sockets Layer). This vulnerability, classified as a cryptographic weakness, enables attackers to exploit birthday attacks against encrypted data, potentially compromising sensitive communications. The issue mainly arises from the use of outdated encryption algorithms such as Triple DES (3DES), which, despite being phased out, still exist in legacy systems.
CVE-2017-0143 is a Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability within the Server Message Block (SMBv1) protocol, part of the infamous “EternalBlue” exploit. This vulnerability allows attackers to corrupt memory and execute arbitrary code, targeting Microsoft Windows systems. Discovered as part of the Shadow Brokers leak, it was pivotal in the spread of ransomware campaigns like WannaCry.
CVE-2017-0144 is a critical remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability in Microsoft's Server Message Block (SMB) version 1 (SMBv1) protocol. In simple terms, it allows an attacker to send specially crafted packets to a vulnerable machine and run code on it without needing any credentials. Think of it as a secret knock that not only opens the door but lets the person do whatever they want inside. Its ease of exploitation and worm-like capabilities make it extremely dangerous.
CVE-2017-0199 is a Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in Microsoft Office and WordPad. It arises through the improper handling of Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) objects, enabling attackers to execute arbitrary code by sending a maliciously crafted document or RTF (Rich Text Format) file. Exploiting this vulnerability can grant attackers the ability to compromise systems, steal sensitive data, or perform lateral movement across networks.
CVE-2017-11882 is a remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability in Microsoft Office’s Equation Editor, a legacy component meant for mathematical equation editing. The flaw exists due to memory corruption caused by improper handling of objects in memory when processing malformed input. Exploiting this vulnerability enables attackers to execute arbitrary code, typically by encouraging users to open malicious Office documents, potentially compromising system integrity and confidentiality.
CVE-2017-5638 is a critical remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability in Apache Struts 2, identified as a flaw in the Jakarta Multipart parser. This vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands on affected servers by exploiting improper exception handling during file uploads. Due to its severe potential consequences, CVE-2017-5638 has been widely exploited in the wild since its disclosure.
CVE-2018-3646 is a critical security vulnerability classified as a speculative execution side-channel attack, specifically targeting Intel processors. It is part of the Spectre and Meltdown family, leveraging microarchitectural data sampling (MDS) to gain unauthorized access to sensitive data in affected systems. This vulnerability is exploitable in both hyperthreading-enabled environments and virtualized infrastructures, posing significant risks to multi-tenant cloud environments and systems handling confidential data.
CVE-2019-0708, also known as "BlueKeep," is a critical remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability affecting Microsoft Remote Desktop Services (RDS). It allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary code on unpatched systems, potentially spreading malware within networks. This vulnerability gained attention due to its wormable nature and its impact on systems running older versions of Windows—including Windows 7, Windows XP, and Windows Server 2003.
CVE-2019-1040 is a critical tampering vulnerability found in Microsoft Windows New Technology LAN Manager (NTLM). This flaw allows a man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacker to bypass certain NTLM protections, like Message Integrity Code (MIC), and downgrade NTLM security features. This lets them relay an authentication request to a target server, like one running Exchange or ADFS, and gain access as the authenticated user. Essentially, it’s a way for attackers to slip past security checks and take control.
CVE-2020-11022 is a reflected cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability affecting the jQuery JavaScript library versions 3.5.0 and earlier. This vulnerability arises when unsanitized user input is dynamically injected into a webpage, allowing attackers to execute arbitrary scripts in the context of a victim's browser. Successful exploitation can result in data exfiltration, session hijacking, or redirection to malicious domains.
CVE-2020-11023 is a DOM-based cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in jQuery's htmlPrefilter function. In plain English, the function, which is supposed to prepare HTML for insertion into the document, can be tricked into executing malicious code. Attackers can exploit this by crafting HTML that, when processed by a vulnerable version of jQuery, executes a malicious script in the user's browser. This is a classic XSS problem with a massive attack surface due to jQuery's ubiquity.
CVE-2020-1472, famously known as "Zerologon," is a critical elevation of privilege vulnerability found in the Microsoft Windows Netlogon Remote Protocol (MS-NRPC). This flaw allows an unauthenticated attacker with network access to a domain controller to completely compromise all Active Directory identity services. In short, it allows a malicious actor to become the domain administrator with terrifying ease. Think of it as leaving the master key to your entire kingdom under the doormat.
CVE-2020-3259 is a vulnerability in the Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) and Firepower Threat Defense (FTD) software, classified as an information disclosure issue. It allows attackers to exploit improperly configured interfaces to gain unauthorized access to sensitive data. This vulnerability has a Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) score of 7.5, making it a high-severity threat. It directly impacts the confidentiality of affected systems by enabling attackers to retrieve system files.
CVE-2021-23840 is a buffer overflow vulnerability affecting OpenSSL, categorized as a memory handling issue. Specifically, it impacts the X509_aux_print() function within OpenSSL 1.1.1i and earlier versions, potentially allowing an attacker to exploit the flaw for denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. The vulnerability arises when malformed data is passed to processes handling certain certificate parsing functions. Due to its association with widely used cryptographic libraries, it poses serious risks to data security and system availability.
CVE-2021-3156, commonly referred to as "Baron Samedit," is a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the sudo command—a widely used utility in UNIX and Linux systems. This vulnerability allows local attackers to gain unauthorized root-level access without authentication. It is classified as a privilege escalation vulnerability and has a high severity due to its widespread applicability and critical impact.
CVE-2021-41773 is a path traversal vulnerability in Apache HTTP Server 2.4.49 that allows attackers to map URLs to files located outside the expected document root. This critical flaw, when exploited, permits remote actors to view sensitive files or execute arbitrary code (in some cases) on vulnerable servers. Its primary risk lies in compromising data confidentiality, integrity, and availability, particularly for organizations using default configurations.
A critical remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability in Apache Log4j 2, a popular Java logging library. Nicknamed Log4Shell, it allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code on a server by sending a specially crafted log message. It’s one of the most severe vulnerabilities ever discovered, earning a CVSS score of 10.0 out of 10.0.
CVE-2022-1471 is a critical remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability found in the SnakeYAML library, a popular YAML parsing tool used in multiple software products. This vulnerability enables malicious actors to execute arbitrary code by delivering specially crafted YAML content to affected systems. With a CVSS score of 9.8, CVE-2022-1471 poses a severe threat to confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
CVEs are Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures—unique identifiers for publicly known cybersecurity vulnerabilities. CVE-2022-30190, widely known as "Follina," is a remote code execution vulnerability that weaponizes an unlikely suspect: the Microsoft Support Diagnostic Tool (MSDT). This clever bug allows attackers to run malicious code just by getting a user to open a booby-trapped document. This page will dissect how Follina works, its impact, and the steps you need to take to detect and mitigate it. Let's make sure your Office documents aren't secretly opening a backdoor.
The CVE-2022-42475 vulnerability is a critical heap-based buffer overflow flaw in the SSL-VPN module of Fortinet’s FortiOS. It allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on vulnerable systems without authentication, providing a potential entry point for fileless malware attacks. Classified as a Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability, it poses significant risks by enabling complete system compromise when exploited.
CVE-2022-42889, widely known as "Text4Shell," is a critical remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability found in the popular Apache Commons Text library. If that sounds alarmingly familiar, it's because it shares a similar vibe with the infamous Log4Shell vulnerability. Apache Commons Text is a Java library used for, you guessed it, working with text. The vulnerability stems from how the library handles variable interpolation, which is a fancy way of saying it processes strings that can dynamically pull in and expand other values.
CVE-2023-21554 is a critical Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability affecting Microsoft Message Queuing (MSMQ) services. This flaw enables attackers to execute arbitrary code on a target system, potentially gaining full control. It is tracked under the CVE-2023-21554 designation and poses significant risks to organizations relying on MSMQ for communication services. Exploitation can lead to system compromise and data breaches.
CVE-2023-23397 is a remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability in Microsoft Outlook, first disclosed in March 2023. This vulnerability enables threat actors to exploit a privilege escalation flaw by crafting malicious emails containing a UUID link, which prompts NTLM authentication. What makes this vulnerability particularly dangerous is that it requires no user interaction, making it a severe threat to enterprise environments.
CVE-2023-27163 is a critical remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability affecting a weakness enumeration for this vulnerability is categorized as CWE-918, which is a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) issue in request-baskets software up to version 1.2.1.
CVE-2023-33201 is a remote code execution vulnerability within the org.bouncycastle.bcprov-ext-jdk15to18 Maven package. It was assigned after researchers identified a flaw in how the library processes specially crafted inputs, allowing malicious actors to execute arbitrary code. Its severe nature stems from its ability to bypass authentication and exploit cryptographic operations that are otherwise trusted in applications. The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) identifier for this issue is CVE-2023-33201.
CVE-2023-38545, also known as "SOCKS5 heap buffer overflow," is a high-severity vulnerability in the widely used cURL library. This flaw allows a malicious server to trigger a buffer overflow in a connecting client, potentially leading to remote code execution (RCE). It affects applications that use libcurl for SOCKS5 proxy handshakes.
CVE-2023-41993 is a significant security flaw found in Apple's WebKit browser engine, affecting iOS, iPadOS, macOS, and Safari. This vulnerability could allow a threat actor to execute arbitrary code on a target system simply by tricking a user into visiting a specially crafted malicious webpage. In short, a click is all it takes for an attacker to potentially take over.
CVE-2023-44487 is a critical vulnerability categorized as a Denial-of-Service (DoS) exploit. It targets HTTP/2 protocol implementations, allowing attackers to overwhelm servers with malicious requests, leading to service disruptions. This vulnerability is particularly concerning due to its widespread impact on web servers and cloud services.
CVE-2023-46604 is a critical Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in Apache ActiveMQ, a widely used open-source messaging server. Left unpatched, it allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands remotely, posing a severe risk to system confidentiality and integrity. This vulnerability primarily targets ActiveMQ deployments and can lead to full system compromise if exploited.
CVE-2023-46805 is an authentication bypass vulnerability in the web component of Ivanti Connect Secure (formerly Pulse Secure) and Ivanti Policy Secure gateways. In simple terms, it lets an attacker sidestep access controls and get into protected parts of the VPN gateway without needing to log in. This vulnerability is the key that unlocks the door for more severe attacks, especially when combined with a command injection flaw.
CVE-2023-4863 is a critical remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability that affects certain implementations of WebP, an image format commonly used in web browsers. It exploits a heap buffer overflow condition due to improper input validation when handling crafted WebP images. This can enable attackers to execute arbitrary code on the target system, compromise its integrity, and potentially take complete control of affected devices. It has a CVSS score of 9.8, marking it as highly severe.
CVE-2023-48795, also known as the Terrapin attack, is a prefix truncation vulnerability in the SSH protocol. This flaw allows a man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacker to downgrade connection security by manipulating sequence numbers during the handshake. The result? Attackers can delete messages at the beginning of the secure channel, compromising the integrity of the connection.
The CVE-2023-4966 vulnerability, commonly referred to as “Citrix Bleed,” is an information disclosure vulnerability found in Citrix Netscaler ADC and Gateway (CVE-2023-4966). It allows unauthenticated attackers to leak sensitive memory contents. Classified as medium to high risk depending on implementation, it has severe implications, particularly in systems exposing Citrix appliances directly to the internet.
CVE-2023-50387, known as KeyTrap, is a Denial-of-Service (DoS) vulnerability discovered within DNSSEC-validating DNS resolvers, including BIND, Unbound, and other recursive resolver implementations. It allows attackers to exhaust system resources by exploiting a flaw in the way DNSSEC signatures are validated within the DNSKEY and RRSIG record processing logic. By crafting maliciously complex DNS responses, attackers can force affected resolvers to perform excessive cryptographic operations, causing CPU exhaustion and rendering the resolver unresponsive.
CVE-2023-51385 is a command injection vulnerability in OpenSSH's proxy command feature. An attacker could exploit this flaw by tricking a user or an automated process into connecting to a malicious server with a specially crafted hostname. This could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the client's machine, posing a significant security risk.
CVE-2024-1597 is a critical SQL injection vulnerability found in the PostgreSQL JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) Driver. This driver is the go-to for Java applications that need to talk to a PostgreSQL database. The vulnerability allows an attacker to inject malicious SQL code when using a specific, non-default connection mode. A successful exploit can lead to authentication bypass and arbitrary code execution on the database server.
CVEs are Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures—unique identifiers for publicly known cybersecurity vulnerabilities. CVE-2024-21338 is a serious kernel-level vulnerability that gives attackers a backstage pass to your systems. It’s a nasty one, and because it’s a kernel driver flaw, it opens the door for some major damage. This page breaks down how this vulnerability operates, its potential impact, and the steps you need to take for detection and prevention to keep your environment secure.
CVE-2024-21410 is a critical remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability that affects versions of Microsoft Exchange. It allows threat actors to execute arbitrary code by exploiting improper input validation on server-side functions. This vulnerability can compromise data confidentiality, system integrity, and availability, making it a high-risk target for attackers. It is tracked under CVE-2024-21410 in the National Vulnerability Database.
CVE-2024-21412 is a remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability found in certain versions of [specific software/system name here]. Exploiting this flaw allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands or malicious payloads on the victim’s system. It is tracked under the Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system with the identifier CVE-2024-21412 and has a CVSS score of [insert score here], indicating its severity.
CVE-2024-21762 is a critical out-of-bounds write vulnerability found in Fortinet's FortiOS, the operating system for their FortiGate firewalls. This flaw allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code or commands through specially crafted HTTP requests. Essentially, a bad actor from anywhere in the world could potentially take full control of a vulnerable system.
CVEs are Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures—unique identifiers for publicly known cybersecurity vulnerabilities. CVE-2024-21887 is the other half of a devastating exploit chain targeting Ivanti Connect Secure VPNs. This command injection vulnerability is the haymaker that follows the jab of an authentication bypass, allowing attackers to take complete control of a critical network device.
CVE-2024-21893 is a critical remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability found in certain versions of Ivanti's secure gateway software. It allows attackers to execute arbitrary code on a compromised system, often exploiting weaknesses in authentication processes. This vulnerability, caused by insufficient input validation, poses significant risks to enterprises relying on Ivanti solutions to safeguard data.
CVE-2024-23113 is a remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability in Fortinet’s FortiOS, impacting the HTTP/HTTPS interface of certain FortiGate products. A result of a logic flaw in the authentication process, it permits unauthenticated adversaries to execute arbitrary commands without proper credentials. This vulnerability poses significant risks, including data theft, surveillance, and the complete compromise of affected systems.
CVE-2024-23897 is a high-severity arbitrary file read vulnerability affecting the popular Jenkins automation server. It stems from an issue in the command line interface (CLI) feature, allowing an attacker to read any file on the Jenkins controller's file system. This flaw lets unauthenticated attackers read the first few lines of files, while attackers with "Overall/Read" permissions can access entire files. This can lead to remote code execution (RCE) by exposing sensitive information like cryptographic keys.
CVE-2024-6387, also known as "Regresshion," is a critical remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability affecting specific versions of OpenSSH, the widely used tool for secure remote login. This flaw allows an unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary commands on a vulnerable server, potentially leading to a complete system compromise. Time to check those SSH versions.
CVE-2025-24813 is a vulnerability classified as a severe Remote Code Execution (RCE) flaw impacting Apache Tomcat servers. It leverages a misconfigured method parameter parsing mechanism, allowing malicious actors to execute unauthorized code. With a CVSS score of 9.8, this vulnerability primarily threatens web applications relying on vulnerable versions of Apache Tomcat, potentially exposing sensitive data or enabling attacker persistence within networks.
CVE-2025-48984 is a critical remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability impacting Veeam Backup & Replication software. This vulnerability allows unauthorized attackers to execute arbitrary code on a compromised server due to improper input validation. Designated under the Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures system, CVE-2025-48984 has been identified as an advanced exploitation pathway that poses a high risk to systems handling sensitive organizational data.
The Fortinet vulnerability refers to a critical security gap often identified within Fortinet cybersecurity products such as FortiGate devices or FortiOS platforms. This type of vulnerability may vary in nature, commonly encompassing Remote Code Execution (RCE), buffer overflow, or privilege escalation flaws. Such vulnerabilities enable attackers to exploit affected systems, potentially bypassing security defenses to execute arbitrary code, exfiltrate data, or take full control. These threats carry major implications for both businesses and individuals relying on Fortinet's products for protection.
The GoAhead vulnerability, specifically CVE-2017-17562, is a critical flaw in the GoAhead web server, a lightweight server commonly embedded in IoT devices. This remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability allows attackers to run arbitrary code on affected devices by exploiting how the server handles CGI scripts, posing a significant threat to countless internet-connected products.
An Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability is a common and surprisingly simple web application flaw. It occurs when an application provides direct access to objects based on user-supplied input. This can allow attackers to bypass authorization and access resources they shouldn't, like other users' data, just by changing a value in a URL.
Kemp Technologies (CVE-2024-1212) is a critical remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability affecting specific versions of Kemp LoadMaster appliances. This flaw stems from a lack of user input validation in the administrative interface, which could allow attackers to execute arbitrary code remotely. Kemp Technologies (CVE-2024-1212) is categorized as a high-severity vulnerability, posing significant risks to systems if left unpatched.
The Overflow GIF vulnerability is a type of buffer overflow weakness that can be exploited using a specially crafted Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) file. Attackers use this method to cause a denial-of-service (DoS) or achieve remote code execution (RCE) on a target system, making it a sneaky but effective way to compromise software that processes images.
CVE-2022-22965, widely known as "Spring4Shell," is a critical remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability found in the popular Java Spring Framework. Think of it as an unlocked back door in certain web applications. This flaw allows an unauthenticated attacker to remotely execute malicious code on a target server, potentially giving them full control. Because the Spring Framework is so common in enterprise Java applications, this vulnerability sent shockwaves through the cybersecurity community, drawing comparisons to the infamous Log4Shell.
The Tomcat 9 vulnerability refers to a series of security flaws impacting the Apache Tomcat 9 software, primarily affecting its ability to properly manage configurations, remote code execution (RCE), and unauthorized access scenarios. It has been classified as a high-risk vulnerability in cases where improper input validation compromises server environments. These vulnerabilities can enable attackers to exploit unpatched systems, often through malicious input or authentication loopholes. Notable CVEs associated with this include CVE-2019-0232 and CVE-2021-33037.
VMware ESXi vulnerabilities are security flaws in VMware's ESXi hypervisor, a critical component in virtualized environments. These vulnerabilities often involve remote code execution (RCE), denial of service (DoS), or privilege escalation, allowing attackers to compromise virtual machines. For example, CVE-2021-21974 is a heap overflow vulnerability that enables RCE, posing significant risks to organizations.
