What is Snake malware?
Snake malware, also known as Uroburos, is a highly sophisticated cyber-espionage tool attributed to Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) actors. Primarily classified as a modular rootkit, Snake malware is designed to infiltrate systems, covertly exfiltrate sensitive data, and evade detection. It is notorious for its advanced encryption and stealth tactics, making it a difficult threat to detect and mitigate.
When was Snake first discovered?
Snake malware was first identified by researchers in 2008, though its operations trace back to as early as 2005. The malware is widely associated with Russian cybercriminal groups and has since undergone multiple iterations to enhance its effectiveness and persistence.
Who created Snake malware?
The identities and number of individuals behind Snake malware remain unknown but are believed to be linked to the Turla hacking group, widely regarded as a state-sponsored actor operating out of Russia.
What does Snake malware target?
Snake malware typically targets governmental organizations, critical infrastructure providers, military entities, and high-value enterprises. These attacks have strong geopolitical connotations, often aimed at espionage and intellectual property theft. While most of its campaigns target Europe and North America, Snake has also impacted other regions globally.
Snake distribution method
Snake spreads through meticulously crafted phishing emails, drive-by downloads, and malicious attachments, sometimes leveraging zero-day vulnerabilities for initial access. Once installed, the malware establishes a covert command-and-control (C2) link to allow attackers to control compromised systems remotely.
Technical analysis of Snake malware
Snake malware operates by embedding a rootkit in compromised devices. This stealth mechanism hides its presence while enabling functionalities such as data interception, remote communication, and modular payload customization. The malware uses peer-to-peer communications via encrypted networks, ensuring its activity remains undetected.
Tactics, Techniques & Procedures (TTPs)
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques:
T1071.004 – Application Layer Protocol (Custom).
T1036 – Masquerading to evade defenses.
T1105 – Remote File Copy for exfiltration.
Indicators of Compromise (IoCs)
IPs & Domains:
Known C2 domains and IPs like snake-command.example[.]net.
File Hashes:
SHA256 7c7b046594e4cf34fbb3aec0b4a1b623ea9acfa726520527b7a1819e2239d32f.
How to know if you’re infected with Snake malware?
Indicators of a Snake malware infection include significant system slowdowns, unusual network traffic behaviors, discrepancies in log files, unauthorized remote access activity, and possible loss of sensitive data.
Snake removal instructions
To safely remove Snake malware, organizations should disconnect compromised systems from the network, employ industry-proven Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) tools, and consult professional incident response teams like Huntress for advanced remediation. Manual removal should only be attempted by cybersecurity professionals familiar with rootkit-level threats.
Is Snake still active?
Yes, Snake malware remains active, with ongoing sightings of new variants and campaigns. Attackers frequently upgrade its capabilities, presenting a persistent challenge for security teams worldwide.
Mitigation & prevention strategies
Organizations should ensure all systems and software are patched with the latest updates, implement multi-factor authentication (MFA), and maintain network monitoring for unusual activity. Conduct regular phishing awareness training for employees and leverage Huntress 24/7 threat detection and remediation services tailored to counter advanced malware threats like Snake.
Related educational articles & videos
Snake Malware FAQs
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